Certainly, love is influenced by hormones (such as oxytocin), neurotrophins (such as NGF), and pheromones, and how people think and behave in love is influenced by their conceptions of love. Latin sometimes uses amāre where English would simply say to like. What is the origin of the term Flea Market? Biological models of love tend to see it as a mammalian drive, similar to hunger or thirst. Radha is considered to be the internal potency of Krishna, and is the supreme lover of Godhead. Commitment, on the other hand, is the expectation that the relationship is permanent. The word love goes back to the very roots of the English language. Companionate love includes intimacy and commitment. [39] Koi describes a longing for a member of the opposite sex and is typically interpreted as selfish and wanting. He explains that both love and remembrance have four stages. Amar: Amar is a much stronger version of querer, and is only used in a romantic way. This book is all about words – words written, words unwritten, words spoken, words unspoken, words imagined, words deleted, words carried, words discarded, words believed, words treasured. The triangular theory of love suggests "intimacy, passion and commitment" are core components of love. In Buddhism, Kāma is sensuous, sexual love. 1). What is the origin of Love meaning nil in tennis scoring? Lewis referred to it as “gift love,” the highest form of Christian love. In the epistle, he draws parallels between love and the remembrance of God. The Indo-European root is also behind Latin lubet meaning it is pleasing and lubido meaning desire. Prior to Western influence, the term koi (恋 or 孤悲) generally represented romantic love, and was often the subject of the popular Man'yōshū Japanese poetry collection. Rabbinic literature differs as to how this love can be developed, e.g., by contemplating divine deeds or witnessing the marvels of nature. Kate Morris (2011), The Illustrated Dictionary of History. Influential Christian theologian C. S. Lewis wrote a book called The Four Loves. amō is the basic verb meaning I love, with the infinitive amare ("to love") as it still is in Italian today. Following developments in electrical theories such as Coulomb's law, which showed that positive and negative charges attract, analogs in human life were developed, such as "opposites attract". This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Love research. This mentality created a vision of strongly defined gender roles, which provoked the advancement of the free love movement as a contrast. Modern authors have distinguished further varieties of romantic love. Origin of love First recorded before 900; (noun) Middle English; Old English lufu, cognate with Old Frisian luve, Old High German luba, Gothic lubō; (verb) Middle English lov(i)en, Old English lufian; cognate with … In Hebrew, אהבה (ahava) is the most commonly used term for both interpersonal love and love between God and God's creations. • What is the origin of the word Jaywalking? Some of today's swearwords did indeed originate in Old English, including shit, arse, turd, and the British bollocks.The f-word is of Germanic origin, related to Dutch, German, and Swedish words for "to strike" and "to move back and forth." The Etymology of Love written by Meriwether Clarke February 12, 2016 Author’s note: The date and definition of each word is only the Oxford English Dictionary’s first known recording of the word’s use (in English). When the calamity of time afflicts one limb Agápe (ἀγάπη agápē) means "love," such as in the term s'agapo (Σ'αγαπώ), which means "I love you." Old English, in early forms of the Scandinavian languages. [39][40] The term ai (愛), which is often associated with maternal love[39] or selfless love,[40] originally referred to beauty and was often used in religious context. and this is the ultimate way of salvation or liberation. This same root also produces amicus—"friend"—and amicitia, "friendship" (often based to mutual advantage, and corresponding sometimes more closely to "indebtedness" or "influence"). In Mandarin Chinese, 愛 (ài) is often used as the equivalent of the Western concept of love. Passionate love is shown in infatuation as well as romantic love. Mohism stressed that rather than adopting different attitudes towards different people, love should be unconditional and offered to everyone without regard to reciprocation; not just to friends, family and other Confucian relations. For example, compassionate outreach and volunteer workers' "love" of their cause may sometimes be born not of interpersonal love but impersonal love, altruism, and strong spiritual or political convictions. Everyone who loves has been born of God and knows God. Love encompasses a range of strong and positive emotional and mental states, from the most sublime virtue or good habit, the deepest interpersonal affection, to the simplest pleasure. R. Prasad (2008), History of Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Volume 12, Part 1, facilitate the continuation of the species, "Definition of "Love" - English Dictionary", "Love – Definition of love by Merriam-Webster", "St. Thomas Aquinas, STh I–II, 26, 4, corp. art", "Raised plasma nerve growth factor levels associated with early-stage romantic love", "Philosophy of Love | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy", "Japanese Words for "Love": The Difference between "Ai" and "Koi, "The Dear One of Nasaf: 'Azīz Nasafī's "Epistle on Love, http://www.wga.hu/html_m/b/baglione/sacred2.html, "Augustine's Hermeneutics and Homiletics in, "Sri Lanka – Philippines: Meeting with the young people in the sports field of Santo Tomas University (Manila, 18 January 2015) – Francis", "The key to love according to Pope Francis", "Wonderful Characteristic of Krishna Prema, Gour Govinda Swami", "Love's Lessons: Intimacy, Pedagogy and Political Community", Interactions between the emotional and executive brain systems, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Love&oldid=995166988, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing Sanskrit-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2012, Articles lacking reliable references from March 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2010, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata namespace mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [35], Philia (φιλία philía), a dispassionate virtuous love, was a concept addressed and developed by Aristotle in his Nicomachean Ethics Book VIII. ch_width = 550; • What is the origin of the term Brass Monkey? Love letters have been capturing the minds and hearts of civilization for centuries. narcissism). Stone images of Kamadeva and Rati can be seen on the door of the Chennakeshava temple at Belur, in Karnataka, India. According to Saint Augustine, to love God is "to attain the peace which is yours." Greek distinguishes several different senses in which the word "love" is used. [51], Christian theologians see God as the source of love, which is mirrored in humans and their own loving relationships. There are several Greek words for "love" that are regularly referred to in Christian circles. However, with Greek (as with many other languages), it has been historically difficult to separate the meanings of these words totally. Rabbi David Wolpe writes that "...love is not only about the feelings of the lover...It is when one person believes in another person and shows it." It was an almost ritualized friendship formed between a host and his guest, who could previously have been strangers. History of Welsh Love Spoons. To love one's friends is common practice, to love one's enemies only among Christians. Was the first computer Bug a real insect? (1 Cor. However, there are some examples of agape used to mean the same as eros. A core concept to Confucianism is 仁 (Ren, "benevolent love"), which focuses on duty, action and attitude in a relationship rather than love itself. [19] In this sense, Fromm held that love is ultimately not a feeling at all, but rather is a commitment to, and adherence to, loving actions towards another, oneself, or many others, over a sustained duration. The Torah's commandment to love God "with all your heart, with all your soul and with all your might" (Deuteronomy 6:5) is taken by the Mishnah (a central text of the Jewish oral law) to refer to good deeds, willingness to sacrifice one's life rather than commit certain serious transgressions, willingness to sacrifice all of one's possessions, and being grateful to the Lord despite adversity (tractate Berachoth 9:5). Lust is the feeling of sexual desire; romantic attraction determines what partners mates find attractive and pursue, conserving time and energy by choosing; and attachment involves sharing a home, parental duties, mutual defense, and in humans involves feelings of safety and security. Passionate love is intense longing, and is often accompanied by physiological arousal (shortness of breath, rapid heart rate); companionate love is affection and a feeling of intimacy not accompanied by physiological arousal. [36] It includes loyalty to friends, family, and community, and requires virtue, equality, and familiarity. • What is the origin of the word Love? In contrast to kāma, prema – or prem – refers to elevated love. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, and always perseveres." Love is a cosmic force.”[67]. Attachment is generally based on commitments such as marriage and children, or mutual friendship based on things like shared interests. meaning desire. Ancient Greek had four distinct words for what we translate as "love." He further states that "...love...is a feeling that expresses itself in action. ch_sid = "Chitika Premium"; Words. ; to be in love with (someone) is from c. 1500. From Middle English love, luve, from Old English lufu, from Proto-Germanic *lubō, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“love, care, desire”). "[16] Meher Baba stated that in love there is a "feeling of unity" and an "active appreciation of the intrinsic worth of the object of love. Marriage was for children, practicality and continuity. Intimacy is a form in which two people share confidences and various details of their personal lives, and is usually shown in friendships and romantic love affairs. The American slang term is first recorded in 1914, the shortened form fag shortly after, in 1921. The Bodhisattva ideal in Mahayana Buddhism involves the complete renunciation of oneself in order to take on the burden of a suffering world. [28] In recent years, various human bonding theories have been developed, described in terms of attachments, ties, bonds, and affinities. And if you greet only your own people, what are you doing more than others? [7] Love has been postulated to be a function that keeps human beings together against menaces and to facilitate the continuation of the species. This was a love that you extended to all people, whether family members or distant strangers. Robert E. Van Voorst, RELG: World, Wadsworth, This page was last edited on 19 December 2020, at 16:26. The word is recorded from the earliest English writings in the 8th century. [25] American psychologist Zick Rubin sought to define love by psychometrics in the 1970s. Love as a general expression of positive sentiment (a stronger form of like) is commonly contrasted with hate (or neutral apathy). ch_type = "mpu"; Mozi tried to replace what he considered to be the long-entrenched Chinese over-attachment to family and clan structures with the concept of "universal love" (兼愛, jiān'ài). [citation needed] The Persian word for love is Ishq, which is derived from Arabic language; however, it is considered by most to be too stalwart a term for interpersonal love and is more commonly substituted for "doost dashtan" ("liking"). • What are The Origins of a.m. and p.m.? The word agapo is the verb I love. (John 3:16–17, NIV) John also wrote, "Dear friends, let us love one another for love comes from God. Regarding love for enemies, Jesus is quoted in the Gospel of Matthew chapter five: "You have heard that it was said, 'Love your neighbor and hate your enemy.' (Saint Augustine's Confessions), Augustine regards the duplex commandment of love in Matthew 22 as the heart of Christian faith and the interpretation of the Bible. Frankly, how love became a word for zero is baffling, but so is the overall scoring system for tennis. St. Thomas Aquinas, following Aristotle, defines love as "to will the good of another. ch_color_bg = "FFFFFF"; Karuna is compassion and mercy, which impels one to help reduce the suffering of others. ch_color_text = "0D3700"; Sex—A Freak of Nature. It can also mean "love of the mind.". Love Spoons in the Past. All rights reserved. [19], Evolutionary psychology has attempted to provide various reasons for love as a survival tool. There was too much life-or-death work to be accomplished. In Ancient Greek, it often refers to a general affection or deeper sense of "true love" rather than the attraction suggested by "eros." [34] However, with Greek (as with many other languages), it has been historically difficult to separate the meanings of these words totally. What is the origin of the term Dressed to the Nines? ch_height = 250; Why? A common viewpoint of Sufism is that through love, humankind can get back to its inherent purity and grace. Similarly, a ‘rememberer’ (of God) progresses through the stages until God becomes predominant in his heart. A Short History of Love . “The History of Love - Nicole Krauss” “So many words get lost. [39] The third term, ren'ai (恋愛), is a more modern construction that combines the kanji characters for both ai and koi, though its usage more closely resembles that of koi in the form of romantic love. The concept of kama is found in some of the earliest known verses in Vedas. To begin by always thinking of love as an action rather than a feeling is one way in which anyone using the word in this manner automatically assumes accountability and responsibility.” In that action she names components such as care, responsibility, respect, commitment, and trust as essential components to the act of loving. What is the origin of the word Love? Numerous cultures have also distinguished Ren, Yuanfen, Mamihlapinatapai, Cafuné, Kama, Bhakti, Mettā, Ishq, Chesed, Amore, Charity, Saudade (and other variants or symbioses of these states), as culturally unique words, definitions, or expressions of love in regards to a specified "moments" currently lacking in the English language.[9][10][11]. Infatuated love only includes passion. There is a cognate lof in early forms of the Scandinavian languages. [23] Enzo Emanuele and coworkers reported the protein molecule known as the nerve growth factor (NGF) has high levels when people first fall in love, but these return to previous levels after one year. Amongst the 99 names of God (Allah), there is the name Al-Wadud, or "the Loving One," which is found in Surah [Quran 11:90] as well as Surah [Quran 85:14]. Empedocles is the last Greek philosopher who wrote in verse, which suggests that he knew the work of Parmenides, who also wrote in verse. Love definition is - strong affection for another arising out of kinship or personal ties. ch_non_contextual = 4; "[35], Eros (ἔρως érōs) (from the Greek deity Eros) is passionate love, with sensual desire and longing. For many Hindu schools, it is the third end (Kama) in life. These four stages are inclination (mayl), desire (iradat), affection (mahabbat) and love (‘ishq). Sages who searched with their heart's thought discovered the existent's kinship in the non-existent. Just like the word “love” in English can also refer to a score of zero in tennis, which has nothing to do with the feeling of love. Chesed, often translated as loving-kindness, is used to describe many forms of love between human beings. It is a much more potent sentiment than a simple liking for a person. Two philosophical underpinnings of love exist in the Chinese tradition, one from Confucianism which emphasized actions and duty while the other came from Mohism which championed a universal love. [65] The philosophical investigation of love includes the tasks of distinguishing between the various kinds of personal love, asking if and how love is or can be justified, asking what the value of love is, and what impact love has on the autonomy of both the lover and the beloved. Gospel of Mark chapter 12, verses 28–34). Some historians date modern conceptions of romantic love to courtly Europe during or after the Middle Ages, although the prior existence of romantic attachments is attested by ancient love poetry. [62], The term "sex radical" has been used interchangeably with the term "free lover". This life of love, according to him, is the life of the saints such as Teresa of Calcutta and the Blessed Virgin Mary and is the direction Christians take when they believe that God loves them. Christians believe that to Love God with all your heart, mind, and strength and Love your neighbor as yourself are the two most important things in life (the greatest commandment of the Jewish Torah, according to Jesus; cf. Some translations list it as "love of the body". James Lochtefeld (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Volume 1, Rosen Publishing, New York. Kamadeva is often pictured holding a bow of sugar cane and an arrow of flowers; he may ride upon a great parrot. Early quotations use "love" with the same meanings as modern ones: (variously) familial, romantic, and religious or charitable love. • What is the origin of the word Lukewarm? Psychologist Erich Fromm maintained in his book The Art of Loving that love is not merely a feeling but is also actions, and that in fact, the "feeling" of love is superficial in comparison to one's commitment to love via a series of loving actions over time. Mozi, by contrast, believed people in principle should care for all people equally. This view is represented in the works of Scott Peck, whose work in the field of applied psychology explored the definitions of love and evil. The verb is from Middle English loven, lovien, from Old English lufian (“to love”), from the … Sees love as `` love is patient, love is an obstacle on the of! Still pierces the heart page was last edited on 19 December 2020 at. And passionate love. at all, was agape or selfless, the ‘ I-Thou ’ ‘. 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